The methodology proposed in this study and the results could be applied to estimate the peak hand–handle interface<br>pressures for operators of hand-held tools, which have been associated with discomfort, pain and musculoskeletal<br>disorders. The suggested methods provide objective means to assess the magnitudes and locations of high pressure<br>peaks that may cause pressure-induced discomfort and pain, and thereby the stresses imposed on the hand. The<br>distribution of pressure and the contact force in the hand–handle interface as a function of the handle size could lead to<br>advancement of knowledge on the handle size issue. Furthermore, the results are expected to enhance our<br>understanding of the biodynamic response of the human hand–arm, while operating power tools.<br>r 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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